Fully automatic four-module deep learning pipeline for identifying, segmenting, and Stanford-subtyping aortic dissection (AD) from CT angiography (CTA). A 3D full-resolution nnU-Net first segments the aorta; the segmented boundary is then multi-view projected for AD identification; for AD-positive cases, a second 3D nnU-Net segments the true lumen (TL) and false lumen (FL); finally, a classifier performs Stanford subtyping from multi-view maximum-density projections of the TL/FL. On 386 CTA scans, the pipeline achieved 0.979 accuracy for AD identification, Dice of 0.968 (TL) and 0.971 (FL) for lumen segmentation, and 0.990 accuracy for Stanford subtyping.

Fully automatic, open-source deep learning pipeline for estimating left atrial fibrosis from late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI, built to remove the operator-dependent steps that limit reproducibility of conventional atrial LGE analysis. A multilabel convolutional neural network delineates the left atrial blood pool, pulmonary veins, and mitral valve; these structures are then used to automatically calculate fibrosis burden via established image-intensity-ratio thresholds, without manual tracing. Validated on a 3D LGE-CMR dataset of 207 scans, the pipeline's automatic segmentation achieved a 91% Dice score against manual tracing, and its fully automatic fibrosis quantification closely matched semi-automatic reference methods. The CNN and pipeline are distributed as part of the open-source CemrgApp platform.

One of the foundational baseline segmentation networks submitted to the 2017 Automated Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge (ACDC), comparing 2D and 3D convolutional network designs for segmenting the left ventricle cavity, myocardium, and right ventricle cavity from short-axis cine cardiac MRI at end-diastole and end-systole. The accompanying study systematically explored the tradeoffs between 2D and 3D convolutions for this task, finding that, due to the highly anisotropic voxel spacing typical of clinical cine cardiac MRI, 2D networks that treat each slice independently can match or exceed 3D networks while being far cheaper to train. The public code and pretrained weights for the best-performing configuration have served as a widely used, simple baseline for later cardiac MRI segmentation research (including for automatically deriving ventricular volumes and ejection fraction).

nnU-Net-based pipeline for automated detection and sub-classification of acute thoracic aortic dissection (AD) on heterogeneous CT imaging, formulated as a semantic segmentation task rather than direct image classification. The model segments the false lumen (ascending and descending) and the dissection membrane -- along with optional indirect signs such as hemopericardium, aortic wall hematoma, and supra-aortic branch dissection -- and a patient is classified as AD-positive if at least two of the three primary segmented regions exceed a volume threshold tuned via Youden's index; the same pipeline additionally flags Stanford type A dissections. Trained on 157 heterogeneous internal CT studies (not restricted to a single contrast protocol) from Mannheim University Medical Centre and evaluated on an internal held-out test set as well as public external datasets (ImageTBAD and AVT), the model reached an AUROC of 98.7% internally and 97.0% externally, and correctly flagged 93.3% of dissection cases that had not been clinically suspected before imaging. The authors state the trained network will be made publicly available as a non-medical device for further scientific research.

The original U-Net baseline segmentation network introduced alongside the CAMUS (Cardiac Acquisitions for Multi-structure Ultrasound Segmentation) dataset, one of the largest fully open-access, expert-annotated 2D echocardiography benchmarks. The network segments the left ventricle endocardium (LVEndo), left ventricle epicardium/myocardium (LVEpi), and left atrium (LA) from apical 2-chamber and 4-chamber echo views at end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES). In the original ten-fold cross-validation benchmark comparing U-Net, U-Net++, Stacked Hourglass, Anatomically Constrained Neural Networks, and classical methods, the U-Net variant (18M parameters) achieved the best overall accuracy, reaching Dice scores of 0.939 (ED) / 0.916 (ES) for LVEndo and 0.954 (ED) / 0.945 (ES) for LVEpi, approaching inter-observer variability. A pretrained checkpoint of this baseline U-Net is distributed via the University of Sherbrooke's vitalab CASTOR project as part of a broader library for building anatomically-constrained cardiac segmentation pipelines.

Two-stage convolutional neural network that automatically detects and anatomically labels coronary artery, thoracic aorta, and cardiac-valve calcifications in low-dose chest CT acquired for lung-cancer screening. A first CNN with a large receptive field (via dilated convolutions) identifies and anatomically labels candidate calcifications; a second CNN filters true positives from the candidates. Trained and evaluated on 1,744 CT scans from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), reaching an F1 of 0.89 (soft-filter reconstructions) / 0.84 (sharp-filter reconstructions) for coronary artery calcifications and a linearly-weighted kappa of 0.90-0.91 for per-subject cardiovascular risk categorization versus the manual reference standard.

Deep learning pipeline for detection and quantification of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) -- a typically asymptomatic condition often missed incidentally by radiologists -- from abdominal-pelvic CT. A modified 3D U-Net segments the aorta on both contrast and non-contrast CT volumes with a variable number of images, after which an ellipse-fitting post-processing step measures the aortic cross-sectional diameter along the vessel to detect aneurysmal dilation. Trained and validated on 321 abdominal-pelvic CT examinations from Massachusetts General Hospital, the model reached a sensitivity/specificity of 0.91/0.95 on the primary validation set, and 0.85/1.0 on a separate 57-exam generalization test set with different patient demographics and acquisition characteristics; the authors report that DeepAAA exceeded literature-reported radiologist performance for incidental AAA detection.

Deep learning platform for fully automatic segmentation and phenotyping of coronary intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) pullbacks, packaged with a desktop GUI and CLI. A convolutional encoder-decoder network delineates the internal (lumen) and external elastic lamina borders on each cross-sectional IVUS frame; downstream rule-based analysis derives lumen area, plaque area, plaque burden, automatically flags lesions with plaque burden exceeding 40%, and reports minimum lumen area and maximum plaque burden along the pullback. Also supports end-diastolic gating and manual contour editing. Trained on 305 clinical IVUS pullbacks (270 train / 35 validation) from Philips and Boston Scientific catheters at Emory University; downstream evaluations have applied DeepIVUS to tasks such as automated detection of stent underexpansion.

Self-supervised model that performs single-frame digital-subtraction-angiography-style vessel/background separation directly from a single live (non-subtracted) coronary angiogram frame, then supports fine-tuned coronary vessel segmentation. A U-Net-style network is pretrained via an image-to-image translation objective on 58,128 unannotated angiography DICOM series (3,756 patients), then fine-tuned for vessel segmentation on just 40 expert-annotated frames, reaching a Dice of 0.828 on the held-out fine-tuning set and a new state-of-the-art Dice of 0.755 on the public XCAD benchmark. Intended to help clinicians visualize potential stenosis sites without requiring true two-frame digital subtraction acquisition.

End-to-end deep learning model for detecting fetal QRS complexes directly from non-invasive abdominal ECG (aECG) signals, without requiring a separate reference maternal ECG or heavy hand-crafted feature engineering. The model adopts a ResNet architecture built from 1-D octave convolutions (OctConv), which factorize feature maps into high- and low-frequency components to capture multiple temporal frequency scales while reducing memory and compute cost relative to a standard 1-D ResNet; the resulting feature-importance weighting also highlights the signal regions most relevant to each detection. Evaluated on the PhysioNet/CinC Challenge 2013 fetal ECG database (with added Gaussian and motion-artifact noise to mimic real-world recording conditions), the model reached an F1 score of 91.1% while cutting computation by more than 50% for less than a 2% drop in performance versus a non-octave ResNet baseline.

nnU-Net-based segmentation network that detects and delineates stenotic lesions directly from X-ray coronary angiography frames, developed for the ARCADE (MICCAI 2023) stenosis-detection challenge. A companion model (YOLO-Angio, same team) handles vessel-tree segmentation; StenUNet focuses specifically on pixel-wise localization of stenotic regions. Placed 3rd overall among ARCADE challenge entrants with an F1 score of 0.5348 on the hold-out test set, within 0.0005 of the 2nd-place team.

Dilated U-Net model for fully automatic segmentation of the intima-media complex (IMC) of the common carotid artery on longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images, used to measure carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) -- a standard imaging biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis. A far-wall detection step first localizes the region of interest, and the dilated U-Net then segments the near- and far-wall IMC boundaries within it. Trained and evaluated with 5-fold cross-validation on a multicenter database of 2,176 images annotated by two experts, the method reached a mean absolute thickness difference of under 120 micrometres versus the reference annotations -- smaller than the approximately 180-micrometre inter-observer variability -- with a 98.7% fully-automatic success rate (only 1.3% of cases required manual correction).

U-Net-variant segmentation model that identifies and quantifies coronary artery calcium (CAC) directly from routine non-gated, non-contrast chest CT scans -- the kind ordered for lung-cancer screening or unrelated indications rather than a dedicated cardiac scan -- so that the tens of millions of such scans performed annually can be opportunistically screened for cardiovascular risk without any extra imaging. Predicted calcium masks are combined with the CT's Hounsfield units to compute an Agatston-equivalent score. Trained on 446 expert-segmented scans from 98 medical centers across the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs national health system (capturing substantial heterogeneity in scanners and protocols) and benchmarked against 795 patients with a paired same-year gated CAC study: nongated AI-CAC differentiates zero-vs-nonzero and <100-vs->=100 Agatston categories with 89.4% (F1 0.93) and 87.3% (F1 0.89) accuracy respectively, and its score stratifies 10-year all-cause mortality (CAC 0 vs. >400: 25.4% vs. 60.2%, hazard ratio 3.49) and composite stroke/MI/death risk (33.5% vs. 63.8%, hazard ratio 3.00). In a simulated opportunistic-screening run across 8,052 low-dose CT scans, cardiologists confirmed 99.2% of patients flagged with AI-CAC >400 would benefit from lipid-lowering therapy. Code and trained model weights are both public under an MIT license.

Deep learning framework, developed in collaboration with the MONAI community, for automatic segmentation of tricuspid valve leaflets from transthoracic 3D echocardiograms in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and other forms of single-ventricle congenital heart disease, integrated into 3D Slicer via MONAILabel for interactive clinical/research use. Addresses a modality (pediatric 3D echocardiography) and population (single-ventricle congenital heart disease) largely absent from adult-focused cardiac AI models.

Self- and weakly-supervised pipeline for left-ventricle segmentation across the full cardiac cycle in apical-4-chamber echocardiography videos. A video segmentation network (2D super-image or 3D U-Net encoder) is first pretrained with a self-supervised temporal-masking objective on largely unannotated echo frames, then fine-tuned with weak supervision from the sparse end-diastole/end-systole frame labels that most echo datasets provide. Achieves 93.3% Dice on EchoNet-Dynamic, outperforming nnU-Net and non-SSL baselines, and generalizes to the external CAMUS dataset. Developed by the BioMedIA group at MBZUAI.

Automated pipeline that segments both heart ventricles and tracks their motion throughout the cardiac cycle from short-axis cine cardiac MRI, producing 3D bi-ventricular models with per-vertex wall-thickness and curvature measurements over time. Built on a shape-refined multi-task fully convolutional network, followed by non-rigid registration and mesh-based motion tracking. Trained on roughly 400 manually annotated pulmonary hypertension patients as part of Imperial College London's UK Digital Heart Project, and underlies the related 4Dsurvival cardiac-motion survival-prediction study.

Fully automatic pipeline that localizes the heart, segments coronary calcium, and produces an Agatston-style coronary artery calcium score from gated and non-gated chest/cardiac CT. A three-stage 3D CNN performs each step in sequence. Validated across the Framingham, NLST, PROMISE, and ROMICAT-II cohorts, where the resulting calcium score predicted cardiovascular events with hazard ratios up to 4.3. Developed by the Harvard AIM Lab.

3D CNN that segments seven cardiac substructures - both ventricles, both atria, the LV myocardium, ascending aorta, and pulmonary artery trunk - from cardiac CT angiography. Trained with a hybrid loss function combining multiple segmentation objectives. Developed at CUHK for the MICCAI 2017 Multi-Modality Whole Heart Segmentation (MM-WHS) challenge.

Two-stage pipeline that segments the left atrium and quantifies atrial scar tissue from 3D late-gadolinium-enhancement cardiac MRI, supporting atrial-fibrillation ablation planning. A Multi-Scale Weight Sharing network first delineates the atrial cavity, then a boundary-patch method segments scar tissue around the detected wall. Developed at Queen Mary University of London for the LAScarQS 2022 MICCAI/STACOM segmentation challenge.

Long-standing toolbox for automated segmentation of the ventricles and atria and derivation of cardiac imaging phenotypes from short- and long-axis cine cardiac MRI. Built on a fully convolutional network trained per slice, and widely reused across UK Biobank cardiac imaging studies since its 2018 publication. Developed at Imperial College London.