PaPaGei-S

Nokia Bell Labs

PPG / wearable

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PPG / Wearable

General Purpose / Multi-task

Filter catalog by Disease / Trait:
General / Foundation

Embedding

Filter catalog by Task Type:
Representation Learning

CNN (1D)

Filter catalog by Architecture:
Convolutional (CNN)

PyTorch

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PyTorch

BSD 3-Clause

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Permissive

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One of the first open foundation models for PPG signals, pretrained on over 57,000 hours (20 million segments) of publicly available data using a morphology-aware self-supervised objective. Evaluated across 20 tasks from 10 datasets spanning cardiovascular health, sleep disorders, pregnancy monitoring, and general wellbeing. Developed by Nokia Bell Labs and published at ICLR 2025.

memory Specifications

gavel License

BSD 3-Clause

check_small Open source check_small Commercial use OK check_small Modifications allowed Attribution required No share-alike requirement

License for model weights only. Associated code may be licensed seperately, check code source for specific terms.

description Publication

PaPaGei: Open Foundation Models for Optical Physiological Signals open_in_new

2025 · original paper

database Training & evaluation data

MIMIC-III Waveform Database open_in_new

train

USA

Multi-parameter ICU bedside-monitor waveform recordings (ECG, PPG/pulse oximetry, arterial blood pressure) from critical-care patients at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; one of three corpora (with MIMIC-IV-ECG and CODE-15%) used to pretrain CSFM on data from ~1.7 million individuals combined.

VitalDB

train

South Korea

Open perioperative biosignal database

science Capabilities & performance